The concept of shanty towns or in layman’s language – urban slums is found usually in big cities where people migrate in hope of getting a better standard of living. We find a great diversity and variety of communities in such towns. People from villages, belonging to the same community migrate to urban cities in search of work. This leads to homelessness and formation of ghettos i.e. slums. The government is unable to provide them with a basic legitimate home with minimal civic facilities, so they occupy the government-owned land which in turn is termed illegal. When questioned, the government said that they do not have enough resources whereas; on the contrary, we find many gated communities where people enjoy more than required resources. A gated community is the one where people of the affluent class live together in a separate area with surplus resources. They own the major chunk of land. They live in their own niche in society. Those who live here are the most powerful people and are so-called ‘influential’ group of people who will call the top authorities even if they have an electricity cut-off for an hour. This is the contrast between the people of the urban area itself.

Also, the urban and rural area people have to face different types of issue. The people belonging to the urban society can defy the social norms in a much easier way than the people of rural areas. If a person in an urban society does an inter-caste marriage even when the society is against him, he can do so because he has his class identity i.e. the identity of an urban worker belonging to the particular class to make him capable of surviving the opposition of the society. Whereas in a rural society people will have to face existential crisis and their survival will be questioned if they perform any activity which defies the already prevailing social norms. The person or the whole family will be socially excluded which will lead to prohibition from using the resources. This will hamper and negate their survival in the society as a whole. This is because in villages our primary identity is caste and are dependent on each other for survival i.e. people primarily identify themselves as a member of their particular caste and hence, defying the norms may lead to a threat to their livelihood or even their own lives as well.